Trigeminal Neuralgia (also known as tic doloureux or prosopalgia) is a neuropathic disorder of the Trigeminal Nerve that causes episodes of intense, sudden shock-like pain in the eyes, lips, nose, scalp, forehead and jaw.
The pain usually lasts for a few seconds, but there can be many bursts of pain in quick succession.
It is estimated that 1 in 15,000 people suffer from Trigeminal Neuralgia, although those numbers may be significantly higher due to frequent mis-diagnosis.
Trigeminal Neuralgia usually develops after the age of 50, more commonly in females, although there have been cases with patients being as young as three years of age.
This topic is covered by many good websites, some of which are listed below.